People of all ages are at risk for dehydration, but older adults should take extra precaution. Learn the symptoms of dehydration and follow these seven tips to help prevent it.
Our bodies undergo a series of changes as we age, including how we process water. Because we may often fail to recognize our bodies’ changing needs, we can develop an increased risk for dehydration as we age.
It’s especially important for older adults and their loved ones to learn to recognize the symptoms of dehydration. In this guide, we carefully outline the common signs of dehydration in older adults, and we offer seven tips to help prevent dehydration.
What are the first signs of dehydration in seniors?
Dehydration isn’t always easy to spot, but here are a few signs to look for:
Learn More About Medicare
Join our email series to receive your free Medicare guide and the latest information about Medicare and Medicare Advantage.
By clicking "Sign me up!” you are agreeing to receive emails from MedicareAdvantage.com.
Skin that won’t bounce immediately back into place after pulling or pinching
Trouble urinating or urine that is dark in color
Exhaustion
Irritability or changes in mood
Sunken eyes
Dry or sticky mouth
Dry, cool skin
Headache
Muscle cramps
Rapid heartbeat
Fainting
Inability to sweat or produce tears
Loss of balance
7 tips for seniors to avoid dehydration
There are a few things seniors, their caregivers and loved ones can do to help prevent dehydration:
A glass of water is hardly the only source of fluids. Be sure to eat vegetables such as celery, cucumbers and tomatoes that are high in water content. You can also eat fruits such as grapefruit, watermelon, strawberries and cantaloupe.
Keep a large pitcher or thermos full of fluid next to your favorite chair. The larger the container, the fewer times you’ll have to get up to refill it. You can also keep multiple bottles of water handy at various locations around the house.
Treat yourself to popsicles, milkshakes and smoothies, which are all tasty ways to get the fluids you need.
Eat spicy foods as a way to make yourself thirsty without becoming dehydrated.
Limit the amount of sodium you consume, as sodium leads to a loss of fluids. Certain condiments, frozen and processed foods, hot dogs and canned foods can all be high in sodium.
Avoid consuming an excess of coffee, tea and alcohol, as these fluids have a diuretic effect and can cause an increase in urination.
Don’t skip meals. Skipping a meal often means falling behind on your daily hydration.
Why do seniors get dehydrated more quickly?
There are a few different changes in the body that can make older adults more susceptible to dehydration, such as:
Decreased water in the body due to muscle loss As we age, we lose muscle mass and gain more fat cells. Muscle holds more water than fat, so this tradeoff means our bodies don’t store water as efficiently as they did when we were younger.
Decline in kidney function Our kidneys begin to lose their ability to remove toxins from the blood as we age. When our kidneys function less efficiently, we can end up producing urine more quickly and therefore releasing increased amounts of water.
Reduced thirst Just as our appetite shrinks as we age, so too does our sensation for thirst. Seniors can sometimes fall victim to dehydration simply because they don’t feel thirsty, even though their bodies still need just as much water.
Medications Some medications can have side effects that include more frequent urination or perspiration, or even a loss of appetite. All of these symptoms can lead to dehydration.
Illness An illness that includes vomiting, diarrhea or increased perspiration can quickly lead to dehydration.
Mobility challenges If a senior adult no longer gets around very well on their own, it may be a struggle just to make a trip to the kitchen for a drink of water.
What are the risks and consequences of dehydration?
Older adults are at a greater risk of medical issues as a result of dehydration. Some of the serious consequences of dehydration can include:
Heat-related injury or illness If you fail to replenish your body with water when you sweat from heat or exertion, you can develop painful cramps, heat exhaustion or heatstroke. And it doesn’t necessarily take vigorous exercise for a heat-related injury or illness to occur, especially if you sweat heavily on a hot day.
Seizures Electrolytes help transfer electrical signals from cell to cell in our body. As we become dehydrated, our bodies lose the ability for these necessary processes to occur, which can lead to involuntary muscle contractions and seizures.
Low blood volume shock Hypovolemic shock is a potentially fatal condition that happens when dehydration leads to a drop in blood pressure and a decrease in the amount of oxygen in the body. Hypovolemic shock can lead to organ failure if not treated quickly.
Kidney failure When you become dehydrated, your kidneys lose their ability to remove excess fluids and waste from your blood. This can lead to a range of complications, including kidney stones and permanent kidney damage.
Swelling of the brain Once you replenish your body with fluids after being dehydrated, your body can sometimes try to pull too much water back into your cells at once. This can cause some of those cells to swell and rupture. At times, the affected cells can be in the brain. This can lead to brain swelling, called cerebral edema.
When not recognized and promptly treated, severe dehydration can lead to a loss of consciousness, coma and even death.
Know the signs and symptoms of dehydration, and follow the tips above to stay healthy and hydrated all day, every day.
Find a Medicare Advantage plan that supports your healthy lifestyle
Or call 1-800-557-60591-800-557-6059TTY Users: 711 24/7 to speak with a licensed insurance agent.
This article is for informational purposes only. It is not healthcare advice. Speak to your doctor or healthcare provider about your specific healthcare needs.
Resource guides
Our resource guides provide helpful information and assistance for a range of topics such as prescription drug costs, alcohol abuse, fall prevention, senior hunger and more.
About the author
Christian Worstell is a senior Medicare and health insurance writer with MedicareAdvantage.com. He is also a licensed health insurance agent. Christian is well-known in the insurance industry for the thousands of educational articles he’s written, helping Americans better understand their health insurance and Medicare coverage.
Christian’s work as a Medicare expert has appeared in several top-tier and trade news outlets including Forbes, MarketWatch, WebMD and Yahoo! Finance.
Christian has written hundreds of articles for MedicareAvantage.com that teach Medicare beneficiaries the best practices for navigating Medicare. His articles are read by thousands of older Americans each month. By better understanding their health care coverage, readers may hopefully learn how to limit their out-of-pocket Medicare spending and access quality medical care.
Christian’s passion for his role stems from his desire to make a difference in the senior community. He strongly believes that the more beneficiaries know about their Medicare coverage, the better their overall health and wellness is as a result.
A current resident of Raleigh, Christian is a graduate of Shippensburg University with a bachelor’s degree in journalism.
If you’re a member of the media looking to connect with Christian, please don’t hesitate to email our public relations team at Mike@tzhealthmedia.com.
Discover how to perform everyday tasks using MyMedicare.gov, the official Medicare online user portal, including opening an account, logging in and using the Blue Button. Read more
Medicare & You is a handbook released by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Get a first look at the handbook and download your copy. Read more
This guide explains 2023 Medicare Open Enrollment and other Medicare enrollment periods. Don't miss this important time to review and change your Medicare coverage. Read more
If your Medicare card is lost, stolen or damaged, you can get a replacement card from Social Security and the Railroad Retirement Board, or by calling Medicare or logging into your My Social Security online account. Read more
This report details where Medicare beneficiaries have access to the widest range of quality 2023 Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plans at the most affordable prices. Read more
Medicare beneficiaries who are also eligible for Medicaid are considered dual eligible. If you are Medicare dual eligible, you may qualify for a Medicare D-SNP (Dual Special Needs Plan), which is a type of Medicare Advantage plan. Read more
What’s the average cost of Medicare in 2023? This guide shows the average premiums and other costs for each part of Medicare, including Medicare Advantage plans. Read more
Learn More About Medicare
Join our email series to receive your Medicare guide and the latest information about Medicare.
By clicking "Sign me up!” you are agreeing to receive emails from MedicareAdvantage.com.
Thanks for signing up for our emails!
Your Medicare guide will arrive in your email inbox shortly. You can also look forward to informative email updates about Medicare and Medicare Advantage.
If you'd like to speak with an agent right away, we're standing by for that as well. Give us a call!
1-800-557-6059TTY 711, 24/7LICENSED AGENTS AVAILABLE NOW
You're on your way to finding a Medicare Supplement plan!
Compare your Medigap plan options by visiting MedicareSupplement.com